ROMAN HISPANIA:
ROMAN TIMES:
- Two thousand years ago, the Romans defeated the Carthagnians and conquered the Iberian Península. Romans called it HISPANIA.
- They spoke LATIN.
- SENECA was a philosopher.
- TRAJAN AND HADRIAN were emperors.
- Hispania was Roman for 600 years.
ROMAN CITIES:
- TARRACO
- SAGUNTO
- HISPALIS
- EMERITA AUGUSTA (now MÉRIDA, the city where we live)
ROMAN ARCHITECTURE
- TEMPLES
DIANA TEMPLE Building belonging to the city municipal forum. It is one of the few religious character which is preserved in a satisfactory state. Despite its name, wrongly assigned in their discovery, the building was dedicated to the imperial cult. ROMAN THEATRE The theater is a construction promoted by the consul Agrippa Vipsanio. According date written on the theater itself its construction occurred in the years 15 to 16 a. C. ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE Construction popular taste over the theater, was opened at 8 a. C. This building was intended for gladiatorial combats between beasts and men and beasts. ROMAN CIRCUS With its 400 m long and 30 m wide, was the one who enjoyed the favors of a given audience excitement that educated plays. Due to its size was outside the city walls, next to the road that linked Emerita in Corduba (Cordova) and Toletum (Toledo). BRIDGE GUADIANA It can be considered somehow as the origin of the city and in any event, which marks its en ROMAN HISPANIA (Beatriz)
A temple is a structure reserved for religious or spiritual activities, such as prayer and sacrifice, or analogous rites. A templum constituted a sacred precinct as defined by a priest, or augur. (Jorge)
Building belonging to the city municipal forum. It is one of the few religious character which is preserved in a satisfactory state. Despite its name, wrongly assigned in their discovery, the building was dedicated to the imperial cult.( Beatriz)
- THEATRES
The theater is a construction promoted by the consul Agrippa Vipsanio. According date written on the theater itself its construction occurred in the years 15 to 16 a. C.
(Beatriz)
- AMPHITHEATRES
Construction popular taste over the theater, was opened at 8 a. C. This building was intended for gladiatorial combats between beasts and men and beasts. (Beatriz)
- CIRCUSES
With its 400 m long and 30 m wide, was the one who enjoyed the favors of a given audience excitement that educated plays. Due to its size was outside the city walls, next to the road that linked Emerita in Corduba (Cordova) and Toletum (Toledo).
(Beatriz)
- AQUEDUCTS.
This aqueduct was principal function provide water to the west side of town. The water collection point or caput aquae stood at Proserpina Reservoir, from which arose a winding drive along nearly 12 miles. The beginning, in the vicinity of the dam, driving was done by an underground tunnel, excavated in rock. At the end of that drive, it had to save the river Albarregas, for which they had to build a series of arches (arcuationes), which are the most monumental of the building, which ended in the hill of Calvary, where it appeared the tower of distribution (castellum aquae).
As for the section in which he had to resort to the construction of arches, these are extended 830 meters with a height of 25 meters at the deepest part of the river valley Albarregas. The structure of this section is characteristic of Merida. It is made of sturdy but elegant pillars, in five alternating rows of granite blocks with as many rows of brick. Arches at different heights are linking the pillars, whose core is caementicium opus. The arches are of brick bond, except that saves Albarregas the river, which has the granite voussoirs worked very well. 73 are still the mainstays that have remained more or less damaged. (Beatriz)
- PUBLIC BATH HOUSES.
SPA Alange
With reforms in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, are now in operation the baths of Roman origin, integrated into a medicinal spa waters, whose high radon content, produces improvements in diseases of the nervous, arthritis, rheumatism and respiratory . the baths are the most important monument and known Alange. Despite being documented prior human presence are the Romans who at the time of Trajan built a spa primitive of which are preserved numerous archaeological remains, including two baths, now restored, one for men and women respectively.
Roman building is a rectangular building which housed two identical chambers circular, which is accessed by a steep stone staircase. (Beatriz)
- BRIDGES
Roman bridges were the first large and lasting bridges built.Roman bridges were built with stone and had the arch as its basic structure en ROMAN HISPANIA (ROBERTO)
ROMAN TIMES:
- Two thousand years ago, the Romans defeated the Carthagnians and conquered the Iberian Península. Romans called it HISPANIA.
- They spoke LATIN.
- SENECA was a philosopher.
- TRAJAN AND HADRIAN were emperors.
- Hispania was Roman for 600 years.
ROMAN CITIES:
- TARRACO
- SAGUNTO
- HISPALIS
- EMERITA AUGUSTA (now MÉRIDA, the city where we live)
ROMAN ARCHITECTURE
- TEMPLES
DIANA TEMPLE Building belonging to the city municipal forum. It is one of the few religious character which is preserved in a satisfactory state. Despite its name, wrongly assigned in their discovery, the building was dedicated to the imperial cult. ROMAN THEATRE The theater is a construction promoted by the consul Agrippa Vipsanio. According date written on the theater itself its construction occurred in the years 15 to 16 a. C. ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE Construction popular taste over the theater, was opened at 8 a. C. This building was intended for gladiatorial combats between beasts and men and beasts. ROMAN CIRCUS With its 400 m long and 30 m wide, was the one who enjoyed the favors of a given audience excitement that educated plays. Due to its size was outside the city walls, next to the road that linked Emerita in Corduba (Cordova) and Toletum (Toledo). BRIDGE GUADIANA It can be considered somehow as the origin of the city and in any event, which marks its en ROMAN HISPANIA (Beatriz)A temple is a structure reserved for religious or spiritual activities, such as prayer and sacrifice, or analogous rites. A templum constituted a sacred precinct as defined by a priest, or augur. (Jorge)
Building belonging to the city municipal forum. It is one of the few religious character which is preserved in a satisfactory state. Despite its name, wrongly assigned in their discovery, the building was dedicated to the imperial cult.( Beatriz)
- THEATRES
(Beatriz)
- AMPHITHEATRES
Construction popular taste over the theater, was opened at 8 a. C. This building was intended for gladiatorial combats between beasts and men and beasts. (Beatriz)
- CIRCUSES
With its 400 m long and 30 m wide, was the one who enjoyed the favors of a given audience excitement that educated plays. Due to its size was outside the city walls, next to the road that linked Emerita in Corduba (Cordova) and Toletum (Toledo).
(Beatriz)
- AQUEDUCTS.
An aqueduct is a water supply or navigable channel constructed to convey water. In modern engineering, the term is used for any system of pipes, ditches, canals, tunnels, and other structures used for this purpose. A temple is a structure reserved for religious or spiritual activities, such as prayer and sacrifice, or analogous rites. A templum constituted a sacred precinct as defined by a priest, or augur. en ROMAN HISPANIA (Jorge)
This aqueduct was principal function provide water to the west side of town. The water collection point or caput aquae stood at Proserpina Reservoir, from which arose a winding drive along nearly 12 miles. The beginning, in the vicinity of the dam, driving was done by an underground tunnel, excavated in rock. At the end of that drive, it had to save the river Albarregas, for which they had to build a series of arches (arcuationes), which are the most monumental of the building, which ended in the hill of Calvary, where it appeared the tower of distribution (castellum aquae).
As for the section in which he had to resort to the construction of arches, these are extended 830 meters with a height of 25 meters at the deepest part of the river valley Albarregas. The structure of this section is characteristic of Merida. It is made of sturdy but elegant pillars, in five alternating rows of granite blocks with as many rows of brick. Arches at different heights are linking the pillars, whose core is caementicium opus. The arches are of brick bond, except that saves Albarregas the river, which has the granite voussoirs worked very well. 73 are still the mainstays that have remained more or less damaged. (Beatriz)
- PUBLIC BATH HOUSES. SPA Alange
With reforms in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, are now in operation the baths of Roman origin, integrated into a medicinal spa waters, whose high radon content, produces improvements in diseases of the nervous, arthritis, rheumatism and respiratory . the baths are the most important monument and known Alange. Despite being documented prior human presence are the Romans who at the time of Trajan built a spa primitive of which are preserved numerous archaeological remains, including two baths, now restored, one for men and women respectively.
Roman building is a rectangular building which housed two identical chambers circular, which is accessed by a steep stone staircase. (Beatriz)
- BRIDGES
Roman bridges were the first large and lasting bridges built.Roman bridges were built with stone and had the arch as its basic structure en ROMAN HISPANIA (ROBERTO)
It can be considered somehow as the origin of the city and in any event, which marks its route being extended one of the main arteries of the colony, the Decumanus Maximus (Beatriz)
11 comentarios:
An aqueduct is a water supply or navigable channel constructed to convey water. In modern engineering, the term is used for any system of pipes, ditches, canals, tunnels, and other structures used for this purpose.
A temple is a structure reserved for religious or spiritual activities, such as prayer and sacrifice, or analogous rites. A templum constituted a sacred precinct as defined by a priest, or augur.
BRIDGES
Roman bridges
were the first large and lasting bridges built.Roman bridges were built with stone and had the arch as its basic structure
DIANA TEMPLE
Building belonging to the city municipal forum. It is one of the few religious character which is preserved in a satisfactory state. Despite its name, wrongly assigned in their discovery, the building was dedicated to the imperial cult.
ROMAN THEATRE
The theater is a construction promoted by the consul Agrippa Vipsanio. According date written on the theater itself its construction occurred in the years 15 to 16 a. C.
ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE
Construction popular taste over the theater, was opened at 8 a. C. This building was intended for gladiatorial combats between beasts and men and beasts.
ROMAN CIRCUS
With its 400 m long and 30 m wide, was the one who enjoyed the favors of a given audience excitement that educated plays. Due to its size was outside the city walls, next to the road that linked Emerita in Corduba (Cordova) and Toletum (Toledo).
BRIDGE GUADIANA
It can be considered somehow as the origin of the city and in any event, which marks its route being extended one of the main arteries of the colony, the Decumanus Maximus.
ROMAN AQUEDUCT
This aqueduct was principal function provide water to the west side of town. The water collection point or caput aquae stood at Proserpina Reservoir, from which arose a winding drive along nearly 12 miles. The beginning, in the vicinity of the dam, driving was done by an underground tunnel, excavated in rock. At the end of that drive, it had to save the river Albarregas, for which they had to build a series of arches (arcuationes), which are the most monumental of the building, which ended in the hill of Calvary, where it appeared the tower of distribution (castellum aquae).
As for the section in which he had to resort to the construction of arches, these are extended 830 meters with a height of 25 meters at the deepest part of the river valley Albarregas. The structure of this section is characteristic of Merida. It is made of sturdy but elegant pillars, in five alternating rows of granite blocks with as many rows of brick. Arches at different heights are linking the pillars, whose core is caementicium opus. The arches are of brick bond, except that saves Albarregas the river, which has the granite voussoirs worked very well. 73 are still the mainstays that have remained more or less damaged.
SPA Alange
With reforms in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, are now in operation the baths of Roman origin, integrated into a medicinal spa waters, whose high radon content, produces improvements in diseases of the nervous, arthritis, rheumatism and respiratory . the baths are the most important monument and known Alange. Despite being documented prior human presence are the Romans who at the time of Trajan built a spa primitive of which are preserved numerous archaeological remains, including two baths, now restored, one for men and women respectively.
Roman building is a rectangular building which housed two identical chambers circular, which is accessed by a steep stone staircase.
BEATRIZ RODRIGUEZ GOMEZ
The Roman Theatre of Mérida is a construction promoted by the consul Vipsanius Agrippa in the Roman city of Emerita Augusta, capital of Lusitania (current Mérida, Spain). It was constructed in the years 16 and 15 BC.
The theater has undergone several renovations, such as at the end of the 1st century or early 2nd century, possibly during the reign of Emperor Trajan, when the current facade of the scaenae frons was erected, and another in the time of Constantine I (between 330 and 340), introducing new decorative-architectural elements and a walkway around the monument. After the abandonment in Late Antiquity, it was covered with earth, only the upper tiers of seats (summa cavea) remaining visible. The popular imagination called it "The Seven Chairs", where, according to tradition, several Moorish kings sat to decide the fate of the city.
The Amphitheatre of Merida, was built in the roman colony of Emerita Augusta, which was founded in 25 B.C. by Octavius Augustus, emeritus soldiers discharged from the Roman army, two veteran legions of the Cantabrian Wars: Legio V Alaudae and Legio X Gemina. The city was the capital of the Roman province of Lusitania. The term emeritus meant in latin "retired" and referred to retired soldiers with honor.
The amphitheater is part of The Archaeological Ensemble of Mérida, which is one of the largest and most extensive archaeological sites in Spain. It was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1993.
The Acueducto de los Milagros ("Miraculous Aqueduct") is a ruined Roman aqueduct in Mérida, Spain, formerly the Roman colony of Emerita Augusta.
Only a relatively small stretch of the aqueduct still stands, consisting of 38 arched pillars standing 25 metres (82 ft) high along a course of some 830 metres (2,720 ft). It is constructed from opus mixtum - granite ashlar blocks interspersed with red brick - utilising a double arcade arrangement. The structure originally brought water to the city from a reservoir called the Lago de Proserpina, fed by a stream called Las Pardillas, around 5 km (3.1 mi) to the north-west of Mérida.[1]
It is thought to have been constructed during the 1st century AD, with a second phase of building (or renovations) around 300 AD. In later centuries, the inhabitants of Mérida dubbed it the "Miraculous Aqueduct" for the awe that it evoked.[2]
The aqueduct was one of three built at Mérida, the other two being the 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) long Aqua Augusta, fed by the Cornalvo reservoir, and San Lázaro, fed by underground channels.[3] The aqueduct is preserved as part of the Archaeological Ensemble of Mérida, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.[4]
In the immediate vicinity a small Roman bridge called Puente de Albarregas runs parallel to the arcades.
The Puente Romano (Spanish for Roman Bridge) is a Roman bridge over the Guadiana River at Mérida, Spain. It is the longest surviving bridge from ancient times, having once featured an estimated overall length of 755 m with 62 spans.[1] Today, there are 60 spans (three of which are buried on the southern bank) on a length of 721 m between the abutments. Including the approaches, the structure totals 790 m.
Annexed to the bridge is the Alcazaba of Mérida, a Moorish fortification built in 835.
Close to the remains of the Los Milagros aqueduct bridge, there exists another Roman bridge at Mérida, the much smaller Puente de Albarregas.
The Roman Theatre of Mérida is a construction promoted by the consul Vipsanius Agrippa in the Roman city of Emerita Augusta, capital of Lusitania (current Mérida, Spain). It was constructed in the years 16 and 15 BC.
The theater has undergone several renovations, such as at the end of the 1st century or early 2nd century, possibly during the reign of Emperor Trajan, when the current facade of the scaenae frons was erected, and another in the time of Constantine I (between 330 and 340), introducing new decorative-architectural elements and a walkway around the monument. After the abandonment in Late Antiquity, it was covered with earth, only the upper tiers of seats (summa cavea) remaining visible. The popular imagination called it "The Seven Chairs", where, according to tradition, several Moorish kings sat to decide the fate of the city.
The Amphitheatre of Merida, was built in the roman colony of Emerita Augusta, which was founded in 25 B.C. by Octavius Augustus, emeritus soldiers discharged from the Roman army, two veteran legions of the Cantabrian Wars: Legio V Alaudae and Legio X Gemina. The city was the capital of the Roman province of Lusitania. The term emeritus meant in latin "retired" and referred to retired soldiers with honor.
The amphitheater is part of The Archaeological Ensemble of Mérida, which is one of the largest and most extensive archaeological sites in Spain. It was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1993.
The Acueducto de los Milagros ("Miraculous Aqueduct") is a ruined Roman aqueduct in Mérida, Spain, formerly the Roman colony of Emerita Augusta.
Only a relatively small stretch of the aqueduct still stands, consisting of 38 arched pillars standing 25 metres (82 ft) high along a course of some 830 metres (2,720 ft). It is constructed from opus mixtum - granite ashlar blocks interspersed with red brick - utilising a double arcade arrangement. The structure originally brought water to the city from a reservoir called the Lago de Proserpina, fed by a stream called Las Pardillas, around 5 km (3.1 mi) to the north-west of Mérida.[1]
It is thought to have been constructed during the 1st century AD, with a second phase of building (or renovations) around 300 AD. In later centuries, the inhabitants of Mérida dubbed it the "Miraculous Aqueduct" for the awe that it evoked.[2]
The aqueduct was one of three built at Mérida, the other two being the 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) long Aqua Augusta, fed by the Cornalvo reservoir, and San Lázaro, fed by underground channels.[3] The aqueduct is preserved as part of the Archaeological Ensemble of Mérida, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.[4]
In the immediate vicinity a small Roman bridge called Puente de Albarregas runs parallel to the arcades.
The Puente Romano (Spanish for Roman Bridge) is a Roman bridge over the Guadiana River at Mérida, Spain. It is the longest surviving bridge from ancient times, having once featured an estimated overall length of 755 m with 62 spans.[1] Today, there are 60 spans (three of which are buried on the southern bank) on a length of 721 m between the abutments. Including the approaches, the structure totals 790 m.
Annexed to the bridge is the Alcazaba of Mérida, a Moorish fortification built in 835.
Close to the remains of the Los Milagros aqueduct bridge, there exists another Roman bridge at Mérida, the much smaller Puente de Albarregas.
The Amphitheatre of Merida, was built in the roman colony of Emerita Augusta, which was founded in 25 B.C. by Octavius Augustus, emeritus soldiers discharged from the Roman army, two veteran legions of the Cantabrian Wars: Legio V Alaudae and Legio X Gemina. The city was the capital of the Roman province of Lusitania. The term emeritus meant in latin "retired" and referred to retired soldiers with honor.
The amphitheater is part of The Archaeological Ensemble of Mérida, which is one of the largest and most extensive archaeological sites in Spain. It was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1993.
The Roman Theatre of Mérida is a construction promoted by the consul Vipsanius Agrippa in the Roman city of Emerita Augusta, capital of Lusitania (current Mérida, Spain). It was constructed in the years 16 and 15 BC.
The theater has undergone several renovations, such as at the end of the 1st century or early 2nd century, possibly during the reign of Emperor Trajan, when the current facade of the scaenae frons was erected, and another in the time of Constantine I (between 330 and 340), introducing new decorative-architectural elements and a walkway around the monument. After the abandonment in Late Antiquity, it was covered with earth, only the upper tiers of seats (summa cavea) remaining visible. The popular imagination called it "The Seven Chairs", where, according to tradition, several Moorish kings sat to decide the fate of the city.
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The Acueducto de los Milagros ("Miraculous Aqueduct") is a ruined Roman aqueduct in Mérida, Spain, formerly the Roman colony of Emerita Augusta.
Only a relatively small stretch of the aqueduct still stands, consisting of 38 arched pillars standing 25 metres (82 ft) high along a course of some 830 metres (2,720 ft). It is constructed from opus mixtum - granite ashlar blocks interspersed with red brick - utilising a double arcade arrangement. The structure originally brought water to the city from a reservoir called the Lago de Proserpina, fed by a stream called Las Pardillas, around 5 km (3.1 mi) to the north-west of Mérida.[1]
It is thought to have been constructed during the 1st century AD, with a second phase of building (or renovations) around 300 AD. In later centuries, the inhabitants of Mérida dubbed it the "Miraculous Aqueduct" for the awe that it evoked.[2]
The aqueduct was one of three built at Mérida, the other two being the 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) long Aqua Augusta, fed by the Cornalvo reservoir, and San Lázaro, fed by underground channels.[3] The aqueduct is preserved as part of the Archaeological Ensemble of Mérida, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.[4]
In the immediate vicinity a small Roman bridge called Puente de Albarregas runs parallel to the arcades.
The Puente Romano (Spanish for Roman Bridge) is a Roman bridge over the Guadiana River at Mérida, Spain. It is the longest surviving bridge from ancient times, having once featured an estimated overall length of 755 m with 62 spans.[1] Today, there are 60 spans (three of which are buried on the southern bank) on a length of 721 m between the abutments. Including the approaches, the structure totals 790 m.
Annexed to the bridge is the Alcazaba of Mérida, a Moorish fortification built in 835.
Close to the remains of the Los Milagros aqueduct bridge, there exists another Roman bridge at Mérida, the much smaller Puente de Albarregas.
An amphitheatre (or amphitheater) is an open-air venue used for entertainment and performances.
There are two similar, but distinct, types of structure for which the word "amphitheatre" is used: Ancient Roman amphitheatres were large central performance spaces surrounded by ascending seating, and were commonly used for spectator sports; these compare more closely to modern open-air stadiums. They were given this name because their shape resembled that of two theatres joined together. Modern amphitheatres (incorrectly so named, but the word has come to be used in this sense) are more typically used for theatrical or concert performances and typically feature a more traditionally theatrical-style stage with the audience only on one side, usually at an arc of less than a semicircle; these compare more closely to the theatres of ancient Greece, and have been more commonly built throughout history as performance spaces.
Amphitheatres are typically man-made, though there are also geological formations used in the same manner which are known as natural amphitheatres.
Elena antoín díaz-flores
HISPANIA
The origin of the word Hispania is much disputed and the evidence for the various speculations are based merely upon what are at best mere resemblances, likely to be accidental, and suspect supporting evidence. One theory holds it to be of Punic derivation, from the Phoenician language of colonizing Carthage.[1] Specifically, it may derive from a Punic cognate of Hebrew אי-שפניא (i-shfania) meaning "Island of the Hyrax" or "island of the hare" or "island of the rabbit" (Phoenician-Punic and Hebrew are both Canaanite languages and therefore closely related to each other). Another theory, proposed by the etymologist Eric Partridge in his work Origins, is that it is of Iberian derivation and that it is to be found in the pre-Roman name for Seville, Hispalis, which strongly hints at an ancient name for the country of *Hispa, an Iberian or Celtic root whose meaning is now lost. It may alternatively derive from Heliopolis (Greek for "city of the sun"). Occasionally it was called Hesperia, the western land, by Roman writers, or Hesperia ultima.
The major part of the Punic Wars, fought between the Punic Carthaginians and the Romans, was fought on the Iberian Peninsula. Carthage gave control of the Iberian Peninsula and much of its empire to Rome in 201 BC as part of the peace treaty after its defeat in the Second Punic War, and Rome completed its replacement of Carthage as the dominant power in the Mediterranean area. By then the Romans had adopted the Carthaginian name, romanized first as Ispania. The term later received an H, much like what happened with Hibernia, and was pluralized as Hispaniae, as had been done with the Three Gauls.
The Amphitheatre of Merida, was built in the roman colony of Emerita Augusta, which was founded in 25 A.C. by Octavius Augustus, emeritus soldiers discharged from the Roman army, two veteran legions of the Cantabrian Wars: Legio V Alaudae and Legio X Gemina. The city was the capital of the Roman province of Lusitania. The term emeritus meant in latin "retired" and referred to retired soldiers with honor.
The amphitheater is part of The Archaeological Ensemble of Mérida, which is one of the largest and most extensive archaeological sites in Spain. It was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1993.
Construction was popular with more depth than the theater itself, and was inaugurated in the year 8 A.C. This building was intended for gladiatorial combats. between beasts or men and beasts, so-called venationes.
ANDREA
During the following centuries Tarraco constitutes a supply and camp base of winter during the wars against the Celtiberians, as occurred during the Second Punic War. So it is a military presence in this period, possibly in the highest area of the current Old Town. In 197 B.C., the conquered areas, even narrow strips along the coast of Spain were divided between the new provinces of Hispania Ulterior and Hispania Citerior. The capital of Hispania Citerior was mainly Carthago Nova. But Strabo says that the governors not only resided in Carthago Nova but also in Tarraco.
Roman aqueduct known as El Pont del Diable (The devil's bridge).
Sarcophagus preserved in the circus and forum museum.
It is not entirely clear about the legal status of Tarraco. It was probably organized as conventus civium Romanorum (convent = meeting of Roman citizens of the province) during the republic, with two magistri (civilian directors) in head. Gaius Porciu Cato, consul of the year 114 B.C., chose Tarraco as place of his exile in the year 108. indicating that Tarraco was a free city or perhaps ally at that time.
According to Strabo one of the most recent fighting took place not far from Tarraco. When Caesar beat supporters of Pompey in 49 a. C. in Ilerda (Lleida), Tarraco supported his army with foods. Is not entirely clear whether Tarraco received status of colony by Caesar or Augustus, but current research tends to assume that was the first who gave that status after his victory in Munda.
The sources referred to the presence of Iberians in Tarraco are ambiguous. Livy mentions a oppidum parvum (small colony) called Cissis, Polybius names a polis as Kissa (Κίσσα).(Κίσσα). Shortly after the arrival of Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus to Empúries (Emporion) in 218 B.C. in the Second Punic War, Tarraco is mentioned for first time. Livy writes that the Romans conquered a field of Punic supplies for the troops of Hannibal near Cissis and took the city. A short time later, the Romans were attacked "not far from Tarraco" (haud procul Tarracone). But it remains unclear whether Cissis and Tarraco was the same city. A coin found in Empúries has the Iberian bears the inscription Tarakon-salir (salir probably means silver). The coin, engraved following models of Empúries at an undisclosed location, is generally dated to 250 BC, for sure before the arrival of the Romans. The name Kesse appears on coins of Iberian origin of 1st and 2nd century BC. Were marked according to Roman weight standards. Kesse should be equated with Cissis, the place of origin of the Cissisians mentioned by Plinio.
In the year 217 B.C. Roman forces arrived by Scipio Africanus at Tarraco. Tarraco was the winter holiday between 211 and 210, and there Publius Cornelius met the tribes of Hispania in conventus.[5] The population was largely loyal to the Romans during the war. Livy called them allies and friends of the Roman people (socii et amici populi Romani) and the fishermens of Tarraco (piscatores Tarraconenses) served with their boats during the siege of Carthago Nova.
francisco
The Archaeological Ensemble of Mérida is one of the largest and most extensive archaeological sites in Spain. Mainly of Emerita Augusta, ancient capital of Lusitania (current city of Mérida). It was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1993.
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