Lesson 2

Si hacéis click en este enlace,  los más pequeños y los más mayores también, aprenderéis a pronunciar los "phonics" ingleses como si de un juego se tratara.

http://www.starfall.com/n/make-a-word/at/load.htm?f

 

Lesson 2

Thomas describe su departamento. Lee atentamente e intenta comprender en forma general. Luego, sigue con la parte de vocabulario para entender completamente la lectura.

I live in a new flat in London. It's small but comfortable. It has two bedrooms, a living room, a kitchen and a bathroom, of course.

In my bedroom, there is a big window, a desk, an armchair and my bed, naturally! In the living room, there is a carpet and I have a small table, a television, a lamp and a sofa. 

In the kitchen, there is the sink, the fridge, the oven and a big cupboard. I don't have a microwave oven. I like my flat very much!

Language Focus

En esta sección se explican las palabras nuevas que se introducen en esta lección. Lee las explicaciones e intenta recordarlas.

new / old	nuevo / viejo
flat	Significa departamento en inglés británico. En inglés americano, se usa apartment.
small but comfortable	pequeño pero cómodo. Notar la construcción usando but.
There is	Significa Hay, cuando se trata de una sola cosa. Si se habla de más de un objeto, se usa There are.
of course	por supuesto
desk	escritorio
armchair	sillón
bed	cama
big / small	grande / pequeño
naturally	naturalmente, por supuesto
sink	pileta de la cocina
fridge	refrigerador
oven	horno
microwave oven	horno a microondas
I like...	Me gusta...

Describing your home - Cómo describir su casa

I live in a house / flat.
Vivo en una casa / apartamento.

It has two bedrooms.
Tiene dos dormitorios.

It's small / big / comfortable / old / new.
Es pequeño / grande / cómodo / viejo / nuevo.

There is a ...
Hay un / una...

I have a ...
Tengo un / una...

Rooms - Ambientes
living room	living
sitting room	sala de estar
dining room	comedor
bedroom	dormitorio
guest room	dormitorio de huesped
bathroom	baño
playroom	sala de juegos
toilet	toilet
kitchen	cocina
laundry room	lavadero
attic	ático
basement	sótano

Numbers - Números

20 twenty	21 twenty-one	22 twenty-two	2... twenty-...
30 thirty	31 thirty-one	32 thirty-two	3... thirty-...
40 forty	41 forty-one	42 forty-two	4... forty-...
50 fifty	51 fifty-one	52 fifty-two	5... fifty-...
60 sixty	61 sixty-one	62 sixty-two	6... sixty-...
70 seventy	71 seventy-one	72 seventy-two	7... seventy-...
80 eighty	81 eighty-one	82 eighty-two	8... eighty-...
90 ninety	91 ninety-one	92 ninety-two	9... ninety-...
100 one hundred

Interrogative Form

La forma interrogativa se usa justamente para interrogar o realizar preguntas.

Se compone del verbo auxiliar DO seguido de la persona y el verbo en infinitivo.

Do + you + play

Cuando se trata de la tercera persona en singular, el auxiliar que se debe usar es DOES.

Does + he + play

TO PLAY
Do	I	play ?
Do	you	play ?
Does	he	play ?
Does	she	play ?
Does	it	play ?
Do	we	play ?
Do	you	play ?
Do	they	play ?

Para el verbo TO BE se usa el mismo verbo conjugado, sin agregar ningún auxiliar:

Are you?

TO BE
Am	I ?
Are	you ?
Is	he ?
Is	she  ?
Is	it ?
Are	we ?
Are	you ?
Are	they ?

Para el verbo TO HAVE se usa el auxiliar DO, como en la primera tabla más arriba.
Cuando se trata de la tercera persona en singular, el auxiliar que se debe usar es DOES.

Do + you + have
Does + he + have

TO HAVE
Do	I	have ?
Do	you	have ?
Does	he	have ?
Does	she	have ?
Does	it	have ?
Do	we	have ?
Do	you	have ?
Do	they	have ?

En inglés británico se suele utilizar el auxiliar HAVE seguido de GOT.
Cuando se trata de la tercera persona en singular, el auxiliar que se debe usar es HAS.

Have + you + got
Has + he + got

TO HAVE GOT
Have	I	got ?
Have	you	got ?
Has	he	got ?
Has	she	got ?
Has	it	got ?
Have	we	got ?
Have	you	got ?
Have	they	got ?

Negative Form

La forma negativa del verbo se aplica para negar la acción indicada por el verbo.

Se compone de la persona, seguido del auxiliar DO conjugado, seguido de NOT y el verbo en infinitivo.

You + do + not + play

Cuando se trata de la tercera persona en singular, el auxiliar que se debe usar es DOES.

He + does + not + play

En lenguaje informal, pueden utilizarse las formas cortas:

DO + NOT = DON'T
DOES + NOT = DOESN'T

TO PLAY
I	do	not	play	=	I don't play
You	do	not	play	=	You don't play
He	does	not	play	=	He doesn't play
She	does	not	play	=	She doesn't play
It	does	not	play	=	It doesn't play
We	do	not	play	=	We don't play
You	do	not	play	=	You don't play
They	do	not	play	=	They don't play

TO HAVE
I	do	not	have	=	I don't have
You	do	not	have	=	You don't have
He	does	not	have	=	He doesn't have
She	does	not	have	=	She doesn't have
It	does	not	have	=	It doesn't have
We	do	not	have	=	We don't have
You	do	not	have	=	You don't have
They	do	not	have	=	They don't have

En inglés británico el negativo se forma con la negación del verbo TO HAVE seguido de GOT.

TO HAVE GOT
I	have	not	got	=	I haven't got
You	have	not	got	=	You haven't got
He	has	not	got	=	He hasn't got
She	has	not	got	=	She hasn't got
It	has	not	got	=	It hasn't got
We	have	not	got	=	We haven't got
You	have	not	got	=	You haven't got
They	have	not	got	=	They haven't got

Es decir que para negar se pueden usar cualquiera de estas formas:

I do not have a car.
I don't have a car.
I haven't got a car.

Para el verbo TO BE se usa el mismo verbo conjugado, sin agregar ningún auxiliar:

You are not

En lenguaje informal, pueden utilizarse las formas cortas:

IS + NOT = ISN'T
ARE + NOT = AREN'T

TO BE
I	am	not	=	I'm not
You	are	not	=	You aren't
He	is	not	=	He isn't
She	is	not	=	She isn't
It	is	not	=	It isn't
We	are	not	=	We aren't
You	are	not	=	You aren't
They	are	not	=	They aren't

 Exercise 1

Complete los recuadros escribiendo los números en inglés.

Principio del formulario

77	11	48
29	13	21
53	40	99
12	82	36
65	16	60

Final del formulario

Questions

Para poder comunicarse es necesario saber realizar preguntas y saber contestar a las que nos realicen. En realidad, ya te has encontrado con algunas preguntas en la lección anterior. Por ejemplo: How are you?

Comenzaremos con las preguntas que se pueden responder con Sí o No. Se componen usando la forma interrogativa ya explicada:

Do you play tennis?

Y se responden con:

• Yes, seguido de la persona y el mismo auxiliar usado en la pregunta, conjugado para esa persona.  Yes, I do.
• No, seguido de la persona y el mismo auxiliar usado en la pregunta, conjugado en su forma negativa para esa persona.  No, I don't.

Do you work?
Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

Cuando se trata del verbo TO BE o TO HAVE, se responde utilizando dicho verbo conjugado para la persona correspondiente.

Are you in London?
Yes, I am. / No, I am not.

Las preguntas que no se responden con Sí/No pueden comenzar con:

What	Qué
Where	Dónde
Who	Quién/Quiénes
How	Cómo

Luego, se agrega la forma interrogativa del verbo, como se explica en el apartado anterior.

What is this? (¿Qué es esto?)
It's a chair.

Where do you live? (¿Dónde vives?)
I live in Los Angeles.

Who are you? (¿Quién eres?)
I am Michael.

How is your mother? (¿Cómo está tu madre?)
She's fine.

Exercise 2

Elige la opción más adecuada para responder a las siguientes preguntas.

Principio del formulario

Do you play tennis?
Yes, I do.
Yes, I am.

Does she play tennis?
Yes, she do.
Yes, she does.

Is he a lawyer?
No, he isn't.
No, he don't.

Are you a teacher?
Yes, I do.
Yes, I am.

Does he go to school?
No, he does not.
No, he don't.

Is Marvin a doctor?
Yes, he does.
Yes, he is.

Are you a student?
Yes, you are.
Yes, I am.

Does she speak English?
Yes, she does.
Yes, she do.

Do you work?
Yes, I am.
No, I don't.

Does she play golf?
No, she is not.
Yes, she does.

Exercise 3

Completa los recuadros escribiendo la forma negativa de la oración.
Ejemplo: I play tennis - I don't play tennis.

Principio del formulario

I play tennis.
play tennis. 

He lives in London.
in London.

You are good.
good.

She is a teacher.
a teacher.

They live in England.
in England.

Joe is a doctor.
a doctor.

Mary is a lawyer.
a lawyer.

They have two cars.
two cars.

We are in London.
in London.