martes, 1 de julio de 2014

Lesson 2




Si hacéis click en este enlace,  los más pequeños y los más mayores también, aprenderéis a pronunciar los "phonics" ingleses como si de un juego se tratara.


http://www.starfall.com/n/make-a-word/at/load.htm?f

 

Lesson 2

Thomas describe su departamento. Lee atentamente e intenta comprender en forma general. Luego, sigue con la parte de vocabulario para entender completamente la lectura.
I live in a new flat in London. It's small but comfortable. It has two bedrooms, a living room, a kitchen and a bathroom, of course.
In my bedroom, there is a big window, a desk, an armchair and my bed, naturally! In the living room, there is a carpet and I have a small table, a television, a lamp and a sofa. 
In the kitchen, there is the sink, the fridge, the oven and a big cupboard. I don't have a microwave oven. I like my flat very much!
Language Focus
En esta sección se explican las palabras nuevas que se introducen en esta lección. Lee las explicaciones e intenta recordarlas.
new / old
nuevo / viejo
flat
Significa departamento en inglés británico. En inglés americano, se usa apartment.
small but comfortable
pequeño pero cómodo. Notar la construcción usando but.
There is
Significa Hay, cuando se trata de una sola cosa. Si se habla de más de un objeto, se usa There are.
of course
por supuesto
desk
escritorio
armchair
sillón
bed
cama
big / small
grande / pequeño
naturally
naturalmente, por supuesto
sink
pileta de la cocina
fridge
refrigerador
oven
horno
microwave oven
horno a microondas
I like...
Me gusta...

Describing your home - Cómo describir su casa
I live in a house / flat.
Vivo en una casa / apartamento.
It has two bedrooms.
Tiene dos dormitorios.
It's small / big / comfortable / old / new.
Es pequeño / grande / cómodo / viejo / nuevo.
There is a ...
Hay un / una...
I have a ...
Tengo un / una...

Rooms - Ambientes
living room
living
sitting room
sala de estar
dining room
comedor
bedroom
dormitorio
guest room
dormitorio de huesped
bathroom
baño
playroom
sala de juegos
toilet
toilet
kitchen
cocina
laundry room
lavadero
attic
ático
basement
sótano


Numbers - Números
20
twenty
21
twenty-one
22
twenty-two
2...
twenty-...
30
thirty
31
thirty-one
32
thirty-two
3...
thirty-...
40
forty
41
forty-one
42
forty-two
4...
forty-...
50
fifty
51
fifty-one
52
fifty-two
5...
fifty-...
60
sixty
61
sixty-one
62
sixty-two
6...
sixty-...
70
seventy
71
seventy-one
72
seventy-two
7...
seventy-...
80
eighty
81
eighty-one
82
eighty-two
8...
eighty-...
90
ninety
91
ninety-one
92
ninety-two
9...
ninety-...
100
one hundred





Interrogative Form
La forma interrogativa se usa justamente para interrogar o realizar preguntas.
Se compone del verbo auxiliar DO seguido de la persona y el verbo en infinitivo.
Do + you + play
Cuando se trata de la tercera persona en singular, el auxiliar que se debe usar es DOES.
Does + he + play
TO PLAY
Do
I
play ?
Do
you
play ?
Does
he
play ?
Does
she
play ?
Does
it
play ?
Do
we
play ?
Do
you
play ?
Do
they
play ?

Para el verbo TO BE se usa el mismo verbo conjugado, sin agregar ningún auxiliar:
Are you?
TO BE
Am
I ?
Are
you ?
Is
he ?
Is
she  ?
Is
it ?
Are
we ?
Are
you ?
Are
they ?

Para el verbo TO HAVE se usa el auxiliar DO, como en la primera tabla más arriba.
Cuando se trata de la tercera persona en singular, el auxiliar que se debe usar es DOES.
Do + you + have
Does + he + have
TO HAVE
Do
I
have ?
Do
you
have ?
Does
he
have ?
Does
she
have ?
Does
it
have ?
Do
we
have ?
Do
you
have ?
Do
they
have ?

En inglés británico se suele utilizar el auxiliar HAVE seguido de GOT.
Cuando se trata de la tercera persona en singular, el auxiliar que se debe usar es HAS.
Have + you + got
Has + he + got
TO HAVE GOT
Have
I
got ?
Have
you
got ?
Has
he
got ?
Has
she
got ?
Has
it
got ?
Have
we
got ?
Have
you
got ?
Have
they
got ?
Negative Form
La forma negativa del verbo se aplica para negar la acción indicada por el verbo.
Se compone de la persona, seguido del auxiliar DO conjugado, seguido de NOT y el verbo en infinitivo.
You + do + not + play
Cuando se trata de la tercera persona en singular, el auxiliar que se debe usar es DOES.
He + does + not + play
En lenguaje informal, pueden utilizarse las formas cortas:
DO + NOT = DON'T
DOES + NOT = DOESN'T
TO PLAY
I
do
not
play
I don't play
You
do
not
play
You don't play
He
does
not
play
He doesn't play
She
does
not
play
She doesn't play
It
does
not
play
It doesn't play
We
do
not
play
We don't play
You
do
not
play
You don't play
They
do
not
play
They don't play

TO HAVE
I
do
not
have
I don't have
You
do
not
have
You don't have
He
does
not
have
He doesn't have
She
does
not
have
She doesn't have
It
does
not
have
It doesn't have
We
do
not
have
We don't have
You
do
not
have
You don't have
They
do
not
have
They don't have

En inglés británico el negativo se forma con la negación del verbo TO HAVE seguido de GOT.
TO HAVE GOT
I
have
not
got
I haven't got
You
have
not
got
You haven't got
He
has
not
got
He hasn't got
She
has
not
got
She hasn't got
It
has
not
got
It hasn't got
We
have
not
got
We haven't got
You
have
not
got
You haven't got
They
have
not
got
They haven't got
Es decir que para negar se pueden usar cualquiera de estas formas:
I do not have a car.
I don't have a car.
I haven't got a car.
Para el verbo TO BE se usa el mismo verbo conjugado, sin agregar ningún auxiliar:
You are not
En lenguaje informal, pueden utilizarse las formas cortas:
IS + NOT = ISN'T
ARE + NOT = AREN'T
TO BE
I
am
not
I'm not
You
are
not
You aren't
He
is
not
He isn't
She
is
not
She isn't
It
is
not
It isn't
We
are
not
We aren't
You
are
not
You aren't
They
are
not
They aren't


 Exercise 1
Complete los recuadros escribiendo los números en inglés.
Principio del formulario
77
11
48
29
13
21
53
40
99
12
82
36
65
16
60
Final del formulario



Questions
Para poder comunicarse es necesario saber realizar preguntas y saber contestar a las que nos realicen. En realidad, ya te has encontrado con algunas preguntas en la lección anterior. Por ejemplo: How are you?
Comenzaremos con las preguntas que se pueden responder con Sí o No. Se componen usando la forma interrogativa ya explicada:
Do you play tennis?
Y se responden con:
  • Yes, seguido de la persona y el mismo auxiliar usado en la pregunta, conjugado para esa persona.  Yes, I do.
  • No, seguido de la persona y el mismo auxiliar usado en la pregunta, conjugado en su forma negativa para esa persona.  No, I don't.
Do you work?
Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
Cuando se trata del verbo TO BE o TO HAVE, se responde utilizando dicho verbo conjugado para la persona correspondiente.
Are you in London?
Yes, I am. / No, I am not.
Las preguntas que no se responden con Sí/No pueden comenzar con:
What
Qué
Where
Dónde
Who
Quién/Quiénes
How
Cómo

Luego, se agrega la forma interrogativa del verbo, como se explica en el apartado anterior.
What is this? (¿Qué es esto?)
It's a chair.

Where do you live?
(¿Dónde vives?)
I live in Los Angeles.

Who are you?
(¿Quién eres?)
I am Michael.

How is your mother?
(¿Cómo está tu madre?)
She's fine.
Exercise 2
Elige la opción más adecuada para responder a las siguientes preguntas.
Principio del formulario
Do you play tennis?
Yes, I do.
Yes, I am.
Does she play tennis?
Yes, she do.
Yes, she does.
Is he a lawyer?
No, he isn't.
No, he don't.
Are you a teacher?
Yes, I do.
Yes, I am.
Does he go to school?
No, he does not.
No, he don't.
Is Marvin a doctor?
Yes, he does.
Yes, he is.
Are you a student?
Yes, you are.
Yes, I am.
Does she speak English?
Yes, she does.
Yes, she do.
Do you work?
Yes, I am.
No, I don't.
Does she play golf?
No, she is not.
Yes, she does.
Exercise 3
Completa los recuadros escribiendo la forma negativa de la oración.
Ejemplo: I play tennis - I don't play tennis.
Principio del formulario
I play tennis.
play tennis. 
He lives in London.
in London.
You are good.
good.
She is a teacher.
a teacher.
They live in England.
in England.
Joe is a doctor.
a doctor.
Mary is a lawyer.
a lawyer.
They have two cars.
two cars.
We are in London.
in London.



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